The laws defining crimes and procedures in New York are complicated…
Most Fridays, we will post a #fridayfacts…
A Grand Jury (16–23 citizens) meets in secret, hears evidence, and decides whether there’s reasonable cause to charge a crime. It’s not a trial—no “beyond a reasonable doubt.” If a majority votes yes, they return an indictment.
Why? As a historic safeguard, the grand jury acts as both shield and sword: protecting the innocent from unfounded accusations and charging where evidence warrants.
Sealed vs. Unsealed Indictment:
- Unsealed: defendant was already charged/arrested; indictment follows.
- Sealed: defendant not previously charged; indictment remains sealed until arrest.
Unlike trial juries, grand juries don’t need unanimity—majority rules.